The Role of Content-rich Visuals in the L2 Academic Listening Assessment Construct by Roman O. Lesnov
Despite the growing recognition that second language (L2) listening is a skill incorporating the ability to process visual information along with the auditory stimulus, standardized L2 listening assessments have been predominantly operationalizing this language skill as visual-free (Buck, 2001; Kang, Gutierrez Arvizu, Chaipuapae, & Lesnov, 2016). This study has attempted to clarify the nature of the L2 academic listening assessment construct regarding the role of visual information.